In VIO_chase_record_version:
if (!(rpb->rpb_flags & rpb_chained) && rpb->rpb_flags & rpb_gc_active)
{
if (!rpb->rpb_transaction_nr) {
state = tra_active;
}

if (state == tra_committed) {
state = TRA_pc_active(tdbb, rpb->rpb_transaction_nr) ? tra_precommitted : tra_dead;
}

if (state == tra_dead) {
rpb->rpb_flags &= ~rpb_gc_active;
}
}
If state is dead and record has rpb_gc_active flag turned on, this flag is reset and starts new iteration of chasing.
On new iteration if ATT_NO_CLEANUP flag turned on, version is read from disk again and compared with saved version:

record_param temp = *rpb;
...
    VIO_data(tdbb, rpb, pool);
    rpb->rpb_page = temp.rpb_page;
    rpb->rpb_line = temp.rpb_line;
    if (!(DPM_fetch(tdbb, rpb, LCK_read)))
    {
        if (!DPM_get(tdbb, rpb, LCK_read)) {
            return false;
        }
        break;
    }

    if (rpb->rpb_b_page != temp.rpb_b_page || rpb->rpb_b_line != temp.rpb_b_line ||
        rpb->rpb_f_page != temp.rpb_f_page || rpb->rpb_f_line != temp.rpb_f_line ||
        rpb->rpb_flags != temp.rpb_flags)
    {
        CCH_RELEASE(tdbb, &rpb->getWindow(tdbb));
        if (!DPM_get(tdbb, rpb, LCK_read)) {
            return false;
        }
        break;
    }
"rpb" and "temp" versions can differ only by rpb_gc_active flag which was reset from saved version on previous iteration. Because of this current version considered as changed and it processed again. And so on. Loop inside VIO_chase_record_version becomes infinite.